Which skin condition is typically caused by a burn or congenital disease impacting skin pigmentation?

Leukoderma is a condition characterized by patches of skin that become lighter in color due to a loss of pigmentation. This skin condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including burns, which damage skin cells that produce melanin, and congenital diseases that affect the skin's ability to produce pigment. This makes leukoderma the appropriate choice as it directly relates to changes in skin pigmentation stemming from burns or congenital issues.

In contrast, while vitiligo also involves loss of pigmentation, it is primarily an autoimmune condition where the body targets its own melanocytes. Albinism is a genetic disorder that results in little to no melanin production throughout the entire body, not just in localized areas. Chloasma, often referred to as melasma, is characterized by dark patches on the skin, typically due to hormonal changes, and does not relate to burns or congenital issues affecting pigmentation directly.